List of Ohlone villages

Over 50 villages and tribes of the Ohlone (also known as Costanoan) Native American people have been identified as existing in Northern California circa 1769 in the regions of the San Francisco Peninsula, Santa Clara Valley, East Bay, Santa Cruz Mountains, Monterey Bay and Salinas Valley. The known tribe names and village locations of people who spoke the Costanoan languages are listed by regions below.

In 1925, Alfred Kroeber, then director of the Hearst Museum of Anthropology, declared the tribe extinct, which directly led to its losing federal recognition and land rights.





== San Francisco Peninsula ==

Languages spoken: Ramaytush, Tamyen on southern border

Tribes and villages of the San Francisco Peninsula:



Ahwaste – the San Francisco Peninsula

Chiguan – Pacific Coast of San Francisco Peninsula vicinity of Half Moon Bay

Cotegen – Pacific Coast south of Half Moon Bay

Lamchin – present-day San Mateo County, Bay shore from Belmont south to Redwood City and valleys to the west

Oljon – Pacific Coast on lower San Gregorio Creek and Pescadero Creek

Quiroste – Pacific Coast from Bean Hollow Creek to Ano Nuevo Creek

Name unknown – At Tunitas Creek

Ssalson (tribe) – along San Mateo Creek, in San Andreas Valley. Had 3 villages:

Aleitac (village) – along San Mateo Creek in San Andreas Valley

Altahmo (village; also spelled Altagmu) – along San Mateo Creek in San Andreas Valley

Uturbe (village) – along San Mateo Creek in San Andreas Valley

Pruristac – One mile from the Pacific Coast in San Pedro Valley, near San Pedro Creek, present day Pacifica

Timigtac – half mile from Pacific Coast, on bank of Calera Creek, present-day Pacifica

Tulomo – the San Francisco Peninsula

Urebure (also spelled Buriburi) – San Bruno Creek south of San Bruno Mountain

Yelamu (tribe) – northern San Francisco Peninsula

Amuctac (village) – near Visitacion Valley in San Francisco

Abmoctac (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Acnagis (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Acynm (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Aleta (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Aluenchi (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Amutaja (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Anamas (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Anamon (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Anchin (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Aramay (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Assunta (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Atarpe (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Cachanegtac (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Caprnp (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Carascan (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Cazopo (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Chagunte (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Chanigtac (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Chapngtac (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Chayen (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Chicntae (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Chiguau (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Chipisclin (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Chipletac (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Chiputca (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Chuchictac (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Churmutce (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Chuscan (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Chutchin (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Chynau (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Conop (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Elarroyde (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Flunmuda (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Gamchines (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Genau (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Guanlen (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Guloismistae (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Halchis (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Horocroc (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Huimen (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Hunctu (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Itaes (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Joquizara (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Josquigard (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Juniamuc (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Juris (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Lamsim (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Libantone (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Livangebra (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Livangelva (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Luianeglua (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Luidneg (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Macsinum (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Malvaitac (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Mitline (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Muingpe (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Naig (village) connected with Dolores mission

Olemos. A former rancheria connected with Dolores

Olestura rancheria connected with Dolores mission

Olpen rancheria connected with Dolores mission

Ompivromo (village) connected with Dolores mission

Olmolosoc rancheria connected with Dolores mission

Otoacte (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Ousint (village) connected with Dolores mission

Patnetac (village) connected with Dolores mission

Pructaca (village)connected with Dolores mission

Proqueu (village) connected with Dolores mission

Purutea (village)connected with Dolores mission

Puycone (village) connected with Dolores mission

Sadaues rancheria connected with Dolores mission

Sagunte (village) connected with Dolores mission

Saraise (village) connected with Dolores mission

Sarontac (village) connected with Dolores mission

Satumuo rancheria connected with Dolores mission

Saucon (village) connected with Dolores mission

Sicca (village) connected with Dolores mission

Sipanum (village) connected with Dolores mission

Siscastac (village) connected to Dolores Mission

Sitintajea rancheria connected with Dolores mission

Sitlintaj rancheria connected with Dolores mission

Ssalayme (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Ssichitca (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Ssiti (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Ssogereate (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Saupichum (village) connected with Dolores Mission

Subchiam (village) connected with Dolores mission

Suchigin (village) connected with Dolores mission

Suchui (village) connected with Dolores mission

Sunchaque (village) connected with Dolores mission

Tatquinte (village) connected with Dolores mission

Timsim (village) connected with Dolores mission

Titiyu (village) connected with Dolores mission

Torose (village) connected with Dolores mission

Totola (village) connected with Dolores mission

Tubisuste (village) connected with Dolores mission

Tuca (village) connected with Dolores mission

Tupuic (village) connected with Dolores mission

Tupuinte (village) connected with Dolores mission

Tuzsint (village) connected with Dolores mission

Ussete (village) connected with Dolores mission

Vagerpe (village) connected with Dolores mission

Yacomui (village) connected with Dolores mission

Zomiomi (village) connected with Dolores mission

Zucigin (village) connected with Dolores mission

Chutchui (village) – near the present day site of Mission Dolores in San Francisco.

Uchium – a division of the Olamentke, and according to Chamisso one of the most numerous connected with Dolores mission in 1816

Petlenuc (village) – near the Presidio of San Francisco

Sitlintac (village) – near Mission Creek in San Francisco

Tubsinta (village) – near Visitacion Valley in San Francisco

Puichon – near present-day Menlo Park, Palo Alto and Mountain View

Supinum - near present-day The Horse Park, Woodside, California, Portola Valley,

Tuchayune – fishing village on Yerba Buena Island [1]

The following tribes furnished most of the converts at Mission Dolores:

Ahwaste, Bolbone, Chiguau, Cuchillones, Chuscan, Cotejen, Junatca, Karkin,

Khulpuni, Olemos, Olhon, Olmolococ, Olpen, Quemelentus, Quirogles, Saclan,

Salzon (Suisun), Sanchines, Saucou, Sichican, Uchium and Uquitinac.





== Santa Clara Valley ==

Languages spoken: Tamyen, Mutsun, Chochenyo on eastern fringes

Tamyen language region (also spelled Tamien, Thamien) – tentatively Santa Clara Valley along Guadalupe River and west through Cupertino.

Tribes and villages of Santa Clara Valley:



Alson – low marshlands at southern end of San Francisco Bay, present-Day Newark, Milpitas and Alviso

Asirin – Coast Ranges east of Santa Clara Valley

Aulintac (also spelled Auxentac) – along Coyote Creek

Churistac – cover term for cluster of villages in the mountains east of Morgan Hill

Matalan – Santa Clara Valley from Coyote to Morgan Hill

Pala (also known as Palenos) – mountains of Hall's Valley between Santa Clara Valley and Mount Hamilton

Ritocsi – Santa Clara Valley at Upper Guadalupe River and central Coyote Creek

San Bernardino Group – Santa Clara Valley unknown location; see Partacsi

Lamaytu (tribe) – Santa Clara Valley

Muyson (tribe) – Santa Clara Valley

Pornen (tribe) – Santa Clara Valley

Solchequis (tribe) – Santa Clara Valley

So-co-is-u-ka (village) – the original site of the Mission Santa Clara (Mission Santa Clara de Thamien) on the Guadalupe River, 1777

"Santa Ysabel" – eastern Santa Clara Valley and Upper Calaveras Creek

Somontac (also called Santa Clara) – tentatively Los Gatos region of Santa Clara Valley, and/or a village of the Matalan

Thamien (village or locality) – the original site of the Mission Santa Clara (Mission Santa Clara de Thamien) on the Guadalupe River, 1777

Tayssen – large area of eastern Coast Ranges east and southeast of Santa Clara Valley

In vicinity:

Junas – probably in Hospital Creek drainage or San Antonio Valley of Diablo Range

Werwersen – vicinity of Mount Hamilton, Diablo Range

*See also: Chitactac, Partacsi, possibly in this valley.





== East Bay area ==

Languages spoken: Chochenyo, Karkin in the north

Tribes and villages of the East Bay area:



Causen (aka Patlans) – Sunol Valley

Huchiun – large area of East Bay shore, from Temescal Creek to present-day Richmond

Huchiun-Aguasto – East Bay on southeast shores of San Pablo Bay

Karkin (aka Los Carquines in Spanish) – on both sides of Carquinez Strait, present-day Crockett, Port Costa, Martinez and Benicia

Luecha – southeast of Livermore

Jalquin/Yrgen – present day Hayward, Castro Valley

Pelnen – western part of Livermore Valley, from Pleasanton to Dublin

Seunen – northwest side of Livermore Valley

Souyen – marshland of Livermore Valley and up Tassajara Creek into southern foothills of Mount Diablo

Ssaoam – around Brushy Peak and Altamont Pass, between Livermore Valley and San Joaquin Valley

Yulian (either a subgroup or alias name of Ssaoams)

Taunan – mountainous parts of Alameda Creek and Arroyo del Valle south to Alameda–Contra Costa County line

Tuibun – mouth of Alameda Creek and Coyote Hills area, eastern shore of San Francisco Bay.